Research through Making, Experiencing and Reflecting
“Design research has been framed in numerous ways but always foregrounds the following: design knowledge is contextual and tacit, residing somewhere between making things and the things themselves. By pursuing framings such as Frayling’s “research for art and design,” Cross’s “design thinking,” and Schön’s “reflective practitioner,” we see a clear path to emphasizing the materiality and procedurality of game design, as well as the crucial place of “conversations with materials” as per Schön’s evocative characterization, arising from repeated cycles of making, experiencing, and reflecting.” (Khaled and Barr, 2023, p. 56)
Prototyping
The practice of building quick, inexpensive, and rough study models to learn about the desirability, feasability, and viability of alternative value propositions. - Osterwalder, 2014
Research-Creation
Research-creation is a form of arts-based practice that undertakes rigorous inquiry and generates new knowledge. It expands traditional understandings of research by integrating creative production and experimentation with critical reflection, academic scholarship and/or scientific study.
Experimental Archaeology
Experimental archaeology (also called experiment archaeology) is a field of study which attempts to generate and test archaeological hypotheses, usually by replicating or approximating the feasibility of ancient cultures performing various tasks or feats.
Design Materialization (MDM)
MDM accounts for the close relationship between making and articulation and the special insights a maker has into their own creation. The method is grounded in version control, a software engineering tool that explicitly represents a developing application as a series of discrete changes known as commits. [@khaledGenerativeLogicsConceptual2023]
See also
Asante-Agyei, C., Manfredi, L., & Erickson, I. (2022). Unfolding the future: Prototypes as epistemic objects in innovation and collaboration work. https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/handle/2142/113761
Matthews, B., & Wensveen, S. (2015). Prototypes and prototyping in design research (pp. 262–276). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315758466-25
Klein, E. E., & Herskovitz, P. J. (2007). Philosophy of science underpinnings of prototype validation: Popper vs. Quine. Information Systems Journal, 17(1), 111–132. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2575.2006.00239.x